Traditional and Indigenous knowledge encompass a rich tapestry of wisdom passed down through generations, deeply rooted in diverse cultures around the world. Traditional knowledge underscores the cumulative insights, practices, and skills developed by communities over time, often transmitted orally. It encompasses a wide range of fields, including agriculture, medicine, and resource management. Indigenous knowledge specifically pertains to the unique perspectives and practices of Indigenous peoples, shaped by their deep connection to the land and environment.Both traditional and Indigenous knowledge systems emphasize holistic approaches to understanding the world, integrating social, spiritual, and ecological dimensions. These systems are characterized by a profound respect for nature and a sustainable coexistence with the environment. They play a crucial role in fostering community resilience, as they offer adaptive strategies for coping with environmental changes and preserving biodiversity.

However, these knowledge systems face numerous challenges, including cultural erosion, loss of biodiversity, and the encroachment of modernization. Recognizing and respecting traditional and Indigenous knowledge is essential for promoting cultural diversity, environmental sustainability, and social well-being. Efforts to integrate these knowledge systems into contemporary practices contribute to a more inclusive and harmonious approach to addressing global challenges.We are documenting cultural norms, practices and approaches that are helping to redefine how we recognise and approach the use of traditional knowledge to enhance and promote conservation of biological diversity unique to wild and community-scapes.Â